This chapter briefly explains what information is contained in the various sections of the gas installation code. For installers, the majority of requirements in Code Sections 1 through 8 of the B149.1 code, except for pressure controls and pipe sizing, are common to natural gas and propane.

Section 1: Scope

The scope of the code is confined to the installation of typical appliances, equipment, components, and accessories that use gas for fuel purposes, and to the installation of piping and tubing systems extending from the termination of the utility installation (in the case of natural gas) or from the tank or cylinder (in the case of propane).

Where the term “gas” is used, the contents of the code are intended to apply equally to and include any of the following gases or mixtures of them: natural gas, manufactured gas, propane, and mixtures of propane and air.

Where the term “natural gas” is used, it is intended to apply only to natural gas (methane).

Where the term “propane” is used, the contents of the code are intended to apply specifically to and include any material that is composed predominantly of any of the following hydrocarbons or mixtures of them: propane, propylene, butanes (normal butane or isobutane), and butylenes.

In the B149 Gas Code, unless approved otherwise by the authority having jurisdiction, the word “shall” indicates a mandatory requirement; “should” indicates a recommendation or that which is advised but not mandatory; and “may” indicates an advisory or optional statement.

Section 2: Reference Publications

The reference publications listed in Section 2 of the B149.1 code refer to codes or standards that govern equipment, components, methods, or materials cited in the code. Refer to Section 2 of the code for a complete list of reference publications. Installers must ensure they use the proper reference publication when interpreting and applying the B149 codes. Always check the title and year of any reference publication being used, since versions earlier or later than those listed may contain requirements that have not been approved by the code committees or authority having jurisdiction.

Section 3: Definitions

Definitions, sometimes referred to as defined terms, appear throughout the code as bold-faced, italicized text. These terms should be clearly understood when applying or interpreting the code and should not be confused with definitions cited in other codes or standards, dictionaries, manufacturers’ terminology, or trade slang. Therefore, industry and regulatory agencies should attempt to apply these definitions consistently in practice. When in doubt, consult the authority having jurisdiction for clarification.

Section 4: General

Section 4 of the code explains the general application of the B149.1 Code. The general requirements set out criteria for the approval of appliances, accessories, components, equipment, and materials. Section 4 also outlines the responsibilities of the appliance installer and defines the skills and training they require. In addition, it provides general requirements applicable to all gas-burning appliance installations in areas such as suitability of use, electrical safety, clearances to combustible material, and accessibility.

Installation requirements for specific appliances are provided in Section 7 of the B149.1 code.

Section 4 clearly points out that the requirements of the B149 codes take precedence over those found in referenced standards or manufacturers’ instructions, unless otherwise approved by the authority having jurisdiction. This serves to remind designers and installers to carefully review applicable code requirements in relation to specific installations, particularly where new or unfamiliar products are being considered.

Installers must ensure that they are fully familiar with the requirements of Section 4 and should use them as a checklist when planning or performing an installation.

Section 5: Pressure Controls

Gas pressures in service supply mains and from storage tanks are generally higher than the safe operating pressures of connected appliances. For this reason, gas pressures must be controlled to fall within an appropriate range, depending on the operating characteristics of installed appliances. The requirements for pressure control in Section 5 of the code are intended to limit the range of gas pressure to ensure safe and reliable appliance operation.

Section 5 requirements also give practical consideration to the safe relief of gas pressure surges, the isolation of pressure control devices (like gas pressure regulators), using manual shut-off valves to permit servicing and replacement, and the installation of pressure controls in locations that are accessible and protect the devices from physical or chemical damage.

Section 6: Piping and Tubing Systems, Gas Hose, and Fittings

Section 6 of the B149.1 code provides requirements for piping and tubing systems, hose, and fittings. These requirements represent conventional industry practice, and it should be noted that a large number of new technologies and systems are constantly entering the marketplace. For such proprietary products, manufacturers’ certified installation instructions serve as additional requirements over those found in Section 6 of the code.

Section 6 deals primarily with gas piping and tubing, as well as hose, from the meter into all the appliances served, and between buildings. Gas piping from the main supply to the meter is normally the responsibility of the gas utility.

Piping and tubing systems, as well as hose, must incorporate approved materials that are properly sized, located, and protected. All piping outlets, drip pockets, and valves must be installed as required. The entire system must be properly pressure-tested and purged, then appropriately identified.

Section 7: Installation of Specific Types of Appliances

Section 7 of the code provides requirements for the installation of specific types of appliances. Due to the large number and variety of gas appliances available, the requirements in Section 7 should be viewed as largely generic in nature and be limited to the general types of appliances commonly installed. More accurate information may be found by referring to the manufacturer’s certified installation instructions for the appliance being installed.

Before proceeding with any installation, review the general requirements in Clause 4, which are applicable to the appliance being installed. As well, review Section 6 for relevant supply piping requirements and Section 8 for the appropriate venting requirements. By taking the time to correctly identify all the applicable requirements pertaining to the installation of an appliance, and installer will find it easier to properly plan any work. Following these suggestions will result in a more economical and efficient execution of their installations.

Section 8: Venting Systems and Air Supply for Appliances

Section 8 of the B149.1 code provides requirements for venting systems and air supply for appliances. Careful consideration of these requirements is recommended prior to the specification and installation of appliances, since the methods of venting and air supply required by specific appliances may render them impractical in some situations.

Always consider venting and air supply requirements together because different requirements apply to natural draft and fan-assisted appliances as opposed to, for example, induced draft and direct vent appliances. When natural draft and fan-assisted appliances are being installed, it is necessary to determine the airtightness of the building envelope and consider any large-capacity air exhausting appliances operating in the building or enclosure in which the appliances are located.

Several other factors must also be considered relating to clearances to combustible materials, the suitability of vent and chimney types, and the termination of vents or chimneys. A well-planned and well-integrated venting system and air supply provides an economical installation, which ensures effective venting and proper appliance performance.

Self-Test A-2.2: Identify Sections of the B149.1 Gas Code

Complete Self-Test A-2.2 and check your answers.

References

Canadian Standards Association (or CSA Group). (n.d.). https://www.csagroup.org/ and https://www.csagroup.org/store/

Office of Housing and Construction Standards. (2024, March 8). BC codes 2024. Province of British Columbia. https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/industry/construction-industry/building-codes-standards/bc-codes/2024-bc-codes

Skilled Trades BC.  (2021). Book 1: Fuel gas systems, Heating and cooling systems. Plumber apprenticeship program level 2 book 1 (Harmonized). Crown Publications: King’s Printer for British Columbia.

Trades Training BC. (2021). A-2: Use gas codes regulations and standards. In: Plumber Apprenticeship Program: Level 2. Industry Training Authority, BC.